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Links: Revival    

There are a large number of links here concerning revival and revival leaders, both from positive and negative viewpoints. The fact that there are more links here than anywhere else does not mean that Make Straight Paths is promoting revival above Bible study, or as one of the most important aspects of Christian life. The links here are merely the product of some mandatory research. These sites are provided for research and information purposes. Make Straight Paths does not necessarily endorse their content.

Contents

General Resources Relating to Revival

Revival History

Resources for Church Leaders

Revival Magazines

General principles of revival

Revival principles from history

Revival theology

Manifestations

Revivals in the Bible

From Pentecost to 500AD

From 500AD to the Reformation

The Reformation to 1700

The Moravians

The First Awakening − 1750’s

The Second Awakening − 1800’s

The Third Awakening − 1850’s

Early 20th Century

Mid 20th Century

Late 20th Century

The Jesus Movement

Toronto

Brownsville / Pensacola

General Resources Relating to Revival

1. Open Heaven

http://www.openheaven.com/library/

Large number of resources and links to revival-related material. Topics include history, preparation, pastoral helps, theology, church business, and a number of Finney’s works. Extremely valuable.

2. Renewal Journal

http://www.pastornet.net.au/renewal/

Large number of articles covering many aspects of revival, including “church growth, Christian community, healing, signs and wonders, worship, blessing, awakening, mission, evangelism, discipleship, harvest, ministry, anointing, wineskins, vision, unity, and servant leadership”. Valuable resources.

3. Revival Library

http://www.revival-library.org/

Large number of resources pertaining to revival, categorised historically. Very valuable, although many resources are only partially included, as incentive to purchase a CD of the full texts.

4. Renewal Links

http://www.pastornet.net.au/renewal/links.html

Large number of links to renewal web sites. Some broken links but many good sites.

5. Christian Classics Ethereal Library

http://www.ccel.org/index/author-A.html

Large number of sermons and articles by many writers throughout Christian history. Selected works of various revival leaders published here include: Edwards, Wesley, Whitefield, Luther, Finney, Spurgeon and many others. Useful when searching for a particular person, but not specifically a revival site.

6. Catholic Revival and Charismatic Renewal

http://home.sc.rr.com/morelord/

Catholic web site calling for revival, hunger and Holy Spirit within the Catholic church. Useful to get a Catholic perspective on revival but otherwise not well-researched.

Revival History top

7. Revivals past and Present

http://www.christianword.org/revival.shtml

Large number of links to articles covering the topics of revival history, preparation, characteristics, news and some of the leaders of revival. Very useful compilation.  All the links work.

8. Forerunner

http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0582.html

Collection of links to many articles covering revival history and theology. Includes the stories of many revivals and revival leaders and many revivals sermons. Valuable listing.

9. He Comes Often!

http://www.imarc.cc/br/crossman.html

Extensive survey of revivals beginning with the book of Genesis, and continuing throughout the Bible, then through history. Specific chapters cover revival characteristics, the phenomena and the effects of revival on the church. Valuable reading.

10. Fire Fell

http://www.christianword.org/revival/fire0.html

Historical summary of revivals from the eighteenth century until the end of the twentieth century. Very useful history.

11. Revival and Spiritual Awakening

http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0606_Revival__Spiritual_A.html

Examines the historical impact of revival upon the church, with examples from the Early Church, the Middle Ages, the Reformation, the Puritans, the First and Second Great Awakenings, and Pentecostalism. Well-written study focussing on the enduring effects on the church, rather than on the excitement of the revival itself.

12. Revival and Young People

http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0607_Revival_and_Young_Pe.html

Interesting compilation of historical details about the central role young people (mainly young adults) had in revivals. People mentioned include Moody, Whitefield, Evan Roberts, Edwards, C.T. Studd, Calvin and others. Also addresses the relative youth of many revival audiences.

13. The Origins of the Pentecostal Movement

http://www.oru.edu/university/library/holyspirit/pentorg1.html#penori

One hundred and forty years of Pentecostal history. Covers several revivals, particularly Azusa Street. Good resource, although the focus is Pentecostalism rather that revival.

14. Visitations of God

http://www.christianword.org/revival/visit.html

Excerpts from Pratney’s book Revival describing the manifestations of the power of God upon the audience during a revival. Only covers examples of the experiential side of revival. Would be better with more analysis.

Resources for Church Leaders  top

15. The Charismatic Renewal at Midlife

http://www.agts.edu/faculty/faculty_publications/articles/charismatic_renewal.pdf

Reflections on the ‘life-span’ of revivals, as well as the modern attitudes that work against revival. Valuable for honest self-appraisal as well as evaluation of the ways Christians reflect modern unbiblical attitudes, which stifles the work of the Holy Spirit.

16. First Impressions of a Secondary Revival

http://www.agts.edu/faculty/faculty_publications/articles/creps_first_impressions.pdf

Reflections on how pastors should and should not handle churches experiencing a ‘Toronto-style’ revival. Useful practical tips on the problems involved when revival comes to a church.

17. Power and Process

http://www.agts.edu/faculty/faculty_publications/articles/creps_power.pdf

Interesting article on the ‘marriage’ of strategy and revival within a church. Both are essential from a biblical point of view, from the view of potential converts and both face common obstacles. Relevant for church leaders.

18. New Churches

http://www.newchurches.com/

While not dealing directly with revival as such, this site gives many resources for the leader of a new church, often planted in result of revival. History of new churches, theology, methods, legalities and examples.

Current Magazines  top

19. The Mandate

http://www.forerunner.com/mandate/mandate.html

Series of magazine article covering Christianity and revival in China. Does not focus on revival, but contains salvation testimonies, apologetics, Christian economics and social issues. Useful for seeing the kind of materials relevant to Chinese evangelism.

20. Joel News

http://www.joelnews.org/frontpage.htm

Internet magazine published weekly with testimonies, reports and articles about prayer, revival and church growth. Readers may subscribe for a US$40 donation (per annum) or search archives. There are reports from around the world on a variety of topics.

21. Revival in China

http://www.christian-faith.com/forjesus/revival-dennis-balcombe

Newsletter-style testimonies of revival in modern China. Explains the current direction and vision for missionaries in China, as well as testimonies of miracles and moves of the Holy Spirit.

22. Today’s Pentecostal Evangel

http://ag.org/pentecostal-evangel/

The weekly magazine of the Assemblies of God. Useful for current perspectives within the AOG church, as well as some articles on revivals around the world.

Principles and Theology of Revival

General Principles   top

23. Weeping between the porch and the altar

http://www.ravenhill.org/weeping1.htm

Well-written article on the contrast between a church in revival and most churches today. Covers the importance of prayer and the power of the Holy Spirit.

24. Revival Series

http://www.ravenhill.org/revival1.htm

Principles, definitions and theology of revivals. Well-written and inspirational. Covers the difference between revival and evangelism, a very ‘God-centred’ approach to revival.

25. What Is a Revival?

http://www.spurgeon.org/s_and_t/wir1866.htm

Spurgeon’s sermon on the definition of revival: who needs revival, where it comes from, how it comes, how the preacher should act, and the inevitable results.

26. Preaching in Revival

http://www.theologymatters.com/TMIssues/MarApr00.pdf  (page 9).

Examination of the elements of preaching that are common to all awakenings, including universal sin, specific sin, the impossibility of self-salvation, Christ as the unique Saviour, and complete forgiveness in Him. Also covers the historical connection between preaching and revival.        Useful study for church leaders praying for revival.

27. Awake and Go

http://www.watchword.org/

Site calling for prayer for revival. Many useful articles on: relationship with Jesus Christ, repentance and humility, evangelism, history, prayer principles, and revival principles.

28. Controversial Renewal and Revival Movements

http://www.apologeticsindex.org/r02.html

Examines the difference between true and false renewals and revivals. Somewhat critical of the Toronto Blessing and Brownsville Revivals. Focuses mainly on the ‘problem areas’ of these modern revivals.

29. End Times Apostasy Online Database

http://www.wayoflife.org/laugh/indexlaugh.htm

Selection of articles critical of Toronto and Pensacola style revivals. Mostly extremely negative, but also important: every Christian should be aware of these issues and carefully compare the Bible studies posted here with those on positive revival sites. Not a lot of material; more available upon subscription or on CD.

30. Pentecostalism‘s Dark Side

http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=3338

Critical article questioning the Pentecostal tendency to reject scholars or to investigate their own sins. Not specifically about revival, but important reading as it pinpoints the specific areas in which Pentecostalism needs to grow.

31. Jesus Commands Us to Go!

http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0598_Jesus_Commands_Us_to.html

Keith Green’s final message, given from his desire to see 100,000 young people go to the mission field. Not specifically on revival, but addresses the level of commitment necessary.

32. Letters in Defense of the Present-day Outpouring of the Holy Spirit

http://www.grmi.org/renewal/Richard_Riss/defense/

A collection of letters written by Richard Riss in response to numerous accusations made against the modern revival movement. A lot of good arguments, but it is hard to locate specific material due to the format.

Lessons from History   top

33. Fire From Heaven

http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0594_Fire_from_heaven.html

Bible study comparing the story of Elijah and the prophets of Baal with the modern state of the church and the reasons why many churches and/or Christians do not have the ‘fire of God’. Convicting and personal.

34. The 18th - Century Awakening: a Reminder for American Evangelicals in the 1990’s

http://www.christianword.org/revival/wakeup.html

Principles of 18^th century revivals applied to modern Christianity. Prayer, leadership, doctrine, preaching style, and so on. The lesson modern preachers should learn is not that of improved technique, but of the power of the Lord.

35. The Spirit, Revival, and Change in Society

http://chi.gospelcom.net/GLIMPSEF/Glimpses/glmps110.shtml

Examines the effect of revival on society as a whole, with examples from Pennsylvania under Billy Sunday, Wales under Evan Roberts, and several other places. Also includes characteristics and features of revival.

36. The Path of Revival

http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0628_Ziegler_-_Path_of_Re.html

Two-part series on the principles of revival. Biblical and historical perspectives.

37. The Seeds Of Revival

http://www.christianword.org/revival/seedsofrevival.html

Lessons drawn from the Welsh revival and Azusa Street on the need for prayer, faith, humility, repentance and spontaneous worship, and the dangers of reserve or an over-emphasis on organisation. Useful for personal and church preparation.

Theological Studies   top

38. Revivals And Church History: The Solemn Assembly -Roberts

http://www.sermonindex.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic_pdf.php?topic_id=14235&forum=40

Interesting biblical study on the ‘Solemn Assembly’ and its principles, as an essential precursor to revival. Gives biblical examples and ten detailed practical suggestions. Good Bible study, with many examples.

39. The Promise of the Holy Spirit

http://www.grmi.org/~bdonison/christian/Promise.html

Contextual study of the Holy Spirit as foretold in the book of John. Very useful, as there are few other hermetical studies relating to revival.

40. Praying the Price

http://www.christianword.org/revival/robinson.html

The connection between prayer and revival. Many examples from the Bible and from history proving the necessity of  fervent prayer as an essential ingredient of revival.

41. What is Revival?

http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0612_Rogers_-_What_is_Rev.html

Biblical study on personal revival as opposed to religious experience. Does not cover church or community revival.

Manifestations  top

42. The Manifestations Throughout History

http://www.christianword.org/revival/rissman1.html

Seven part series giving extensive details of the various unusual ‘manifestations’ of the Spirit throughout history. Shows the frequency of such events and hence the importance of not judging too hastily.

43. God’s Manifest Presence

http://www.grmi.org/~bdonison/christian/presence.txt

Well-written systematic theology of the manifestations of Revival, including scriptural tests, historical precedents, cautions and recommendations. Very useful due to the balanced approach.

44. Deceiving the Elect

http://www.agape.com/laughter.htm

Full text of book by Dr. Eddy Cheong giving a “scriptural and critical analysis of the laughter movement”, focussing specifically on Rodney Howard-Browne. Rejects ‘holy laughter’ as unscriptural.

45. Revival Survival Kit

http://www.grmi.org/~bdonison/christian/revivalkit.html

Historical and biblical support for the unusual manifestations, with selected quotes from Jonathan Edwards. Would be more useful with a more in-depth analysis of Edwards.

46. True Revival: A Critical Response to Counterfeit Christianity

http://www.geocities.com/tbeachhead/response.html

Detailed scriptural analysis of revival, focussing on justification for the unusual manifestations. Useful but not an academic source.

Revivals to 1700

Revivals in the Bible   top

47. Great Revivals in Bible Times Prove We Can Have Revival Now

http://www.gospeltruth.net/revivalnow/revival_now05.htm

Examines four important Bible revivals, showing the relevance of each to modern times: Elijah during a time when the people of God were apostate, Jonah in a violent heathen nation, Christ in prejudiced Samaria, and Pentecost in a city that had just rejected its Saviour. Good applications.

48. Restoration Revival

http://glorytochrist.com/BibleStudies/RestorationRevival.html

Eight-part series examining revivals in the Bible. Personal rather than academic or hermeneutical. Useful for sermons.

49. Transformations in the Bible

http://www.christianaction.org.za/articles_ca/2003-2-transformations_bible.htm

General study of biblical revivals, specifically applied to the call for revival in modern South Africa. Includes definition and principles of revival.

From Pentecost to 500AD   top

50. Pentecost, Acts ch.2 v.1

http://www.bible-sermons.org.uk/text-sermon/191-pentecost/

Sermon on the day of Pentecost. Very well done. Differentiates between what is and what is not repeatable in the day of Pentecost. Discusses the unity, prayer and patience and the widespread effects of the spirit of God. Well worth reading.

51. The Coming of the Spirit

http://www.biblegateway.com/resources/commentaries/index.php?action=getCommentaryText&cid=5&source=1&seq=i.51.2.2

IVP New Testament commentary on Acts chapter two. Notes the difference between the coming of the Holy Spirit on all believers and the variable external signs of His presence. Good explanation.

52. The Most Ancient Lives of Saint Patrick

http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/18482

Downloadable book on the life of St Patrick, who brought revival to Ireland in the fifth century. Many details, valuable resource, considering that not much exists from this time period.

53. Montanism: Heresy Or Healthy Revival?

http://www.earlychurch.org.uk/article_montanism.html

Study of the life of Montanus, who lived in the second century AD. He and his followers were expelled from the church as heretics but there is little existing evidence to determine if Montanism was heretical or a revival.

54. St. Gregory (Thaumaturgus)

http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/St._Gregory_(Thaumaturgus)

Encyclopedia article on the life of Gregory Thaumaturgus (early third century). Although it is difficult to separate fact from legend at this distance, it seems indisputable that he had a tremendous effect upon his local area. May or may not be true ‘revival’.

500AD to the Reformation    top

55. John Wycliffe

http://www.epc.org.au/start/literature/bb/wycliffe.html

Well-written account of Wycliffe’s life from an evangelical perspective. Shows his motivation and influence. Well worth reading.

56. Life of St. Francis of Assisi by Paul Sabatier

http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/18787

Downloadable book written in 1894 on the life of St. Francis. Many details providing valuable insight concerning Francis’ methods, motivation and results.

57. Girolamo Savonarola

http://latter-rain.com/eccle/savona.htm

Account of the life of Savonarola, who lived in the fifteenth century, including the effect he had on his audience and society. Emphasises his message of repentance as a Catholic reformist, if not revivalist.

58. Girolamo Savonarola

http://www.tracts.ukgo.com/girolamo_savonarola.htm

Downloadable book (35 chapters) on the life and times of Savonarola, written in 1888. Much information.

59. St. Francis of Assisi

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/06221a.htm

Long and detailed article from the Catholic Encyclopedia on the life and ministry of St. Francis, who lived at the beginning of the thirteenth century. Valuable historical resource, although from a Catholic perspective.

60. John Wycliffe and the Lollards

http://www.wayoflife.org/articles/johnwycliffe.htm

Detailed account of Wycliffe’s life and impact upon fourteenth century England. Although it does not specifically mention revival, it gives much background information to what was happening.

61. The Burning of Hus

http://www.everydaycounselor.com/hutton/i2.htm

Fascinating description of the life and death of John Hus who called for reform to the Catholic church of the early fifteenth century. Although not specifically about revival, valuable background to the Moravian Church of 300 years later.

62. John Wycliffe D.D.

http://www.tracts.ukgo.com/john_wycliffe.htm

Short synopsis of Wycliffe’s life, with a number of downloadable documents, on Wycliffe. Useful for further research.

63. History of the Church of God

http://www.british-israel.ca/Church%20of%20God7.htm

Reforms − or revivals− instigated by Peter Waldo in the twelfth century. The article does not discuss revival, but contains historical information about Waldo and the Waldenses.

The Reformation to 1700   top

64. John Welsh of Ayr

http://www.revival-library.org/index.html?http://www.revival-library.org/catalogues/puritan/robertsm/title.htm

Long and detailed history of the Scottish revivalist of the end of the sixteenth century. Describes vividly the reactions to his preaching from the people (“weeping under the presence of God”) and from the King (persecution and affliction), the effect upon the community (a cessation of community violence), the miraculous intervention of God (protection from the plague), and Welsh’s own character (his courage and prayer life). Valuable reading.

65. Reformation Classics

http://homepage.mac.com/shanerosenthal/reformationink/classic.htm

Links to hundreds of texts on the Reformation, by Reformation authors (such as Luther and Calvin), and by twentieth century scholars (such as Warfield) examining the Reformation. Extremely valuable resource on the Reformation.

66. Touched By The Fire: Presbyterians and Revival

http://www.theologymatters.com/TMIssues/MarApr00.pdf

Analysis of the beginning of the Presbyterian church, born out of a revival in Scotland during the Reformation. Discusses leaders as John Welch and Robert Bruce, and the spread of revival to Ireland, the ‘New World’ and England. Well-researched and useful.

67. John Calvin

http://www.tracts.ukgo.com/john_calvin.htm

Calvin, who lived in the sixteenth century, cannot properly be called a revival leader, but he certainly propelled the reformation with his theological writings. Many valuable resources on Calvin here.

68. The Theology of John Calvin

http://homepage.mac.com/shanerosenthal/reformationink/bbwcalvin2.htm

Analysis of Calvin’s theology as compared with Lutheranism and Arminianism. Not specifically about revival, as Calvin did not leader a ‘revival’ as such, but rather about the theology that influenced the reformation and the subsequent revivals.

69. Knox, John

http://www.bartleby.com/65/kn/Knox-Joh.html

Article from the Columbia Encyclopedia on the life and reforms of John Knox. He cannot properly be called a leader of revival, but rather a reformer, yet this is still useful as an understanding of the political and religious climate of the reformation.

70. Martin Luther

http://mb-soft.com/believe/txc/luther.htm

Detailed account of the life and teachings of Martin Luther. Does not discuss revival, but is valuable information about Luther.

71. Ulrich Zwingli

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/15772a.htm

Article from the Catholic Encyclopedia on the life and reforms of Zwingli. Although from a Catholic perspective, useful account of his reforms as well as his excesses.

72. Ulrich Zwingli

http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/REFORM/ZWINGLI.HTM

Account of the life and theology of Zwingli, who lived at the beginning of the sixteenth century. The page explains why Zwingli’s “uncomplex theology” actually represents the “single most important shift in religious culture in the sixteenth century.” Does not mention revival.

73. Davidson, John

http://www.pap.com.au/howie/jh_sw010.htm

Account of the life and ministry of John Davidson, a contemporary of John Welsh, who saw the Holy Spirit fall upon meetings over which he was presiding, moving all to repentance. Good example of a pre-reformation revival.

74. John Knox

http://www.greatsite.com/timeline-english-bible-history/john-knox.html

The personal life of John Knox (who lived in the sixteenth century). Does not discuss revival, but many interesting details about Knox’s life.

75. John Livingstone

http://www.puritansermons.com/irish/with02.htm

Account of the life of Livingstone (a seventeenth century preacher in Scotland and Ireland). By all accounts he was the minister of a revival, and suffered persecution for his uncompromising part. Information from so long ago is scarce but is nonetheless valuable.

Revivals 1700 − 1900

The Moravians   top

76. A Short Introduction to the History, Customs and Practices of the Moravian Church

http://www.everydaycounselor.com/archives/sh/shistory.htm

Detailed historical account of Count Zinzendorf and the Moravians: their background, the personalities of the day, the political situation of the time, their revival, prayer life, practices and so on. Valuable historical information.

77. History of the Moravian Church

http://www.npmc.org/hutton/index.htm

Full text (43 chapters) of a book written in 1909 detailing the Moravian Church. Excellent resource.

78. Power from on High – the Moravians and Count Zinzendorf

http://www.openheaven.com/template/rtfield/popups/history/zinzendorf.htm

Detailed historical account of Count Zinzendorf and the Moravians, their beginnings, their unity, prayers, their missionary endeavours and effect upon the Wesleys. Useful in showing the “preparation and spiritual effort” that was evident.

79. Power from on High

http://www.christianword.org/revival/greenfld.html

Historical account of the Moravian Church first published in 1927. The story of Zinzendorf, and the effect of the Moravians upon the Wesleys. Many details.

The First Awakening − 1750’s   top

80. John Wesley

http://mb-soft.com/believe/txc/wesley.htm

Detailed history of the life and theology of the Wesley brothers. Well-written and worth reading.

81. John Wesley’s Synthesis of the Revival Practices of Jonathan Edwards, George Whitefield, Nicholas Von Zinzendorf

http://wesley.nnu.edu/wesleyan_theology/theojrnl/26-30/30-1-07.htm

Academic article comparing the revival ‘models’ of Edwards, Whitefield, Zinzendorf and Wesley. The author looks at the practices and theology of each revival leader and shows that Wesley’s revival was a ‘hybrid’ of various aspects of the other three.

82. A Faithful Narrative of the Surprising Work of God in the Conversion of Many Hundred Souls in Northampton by Jonathan Edwards

http://chi.gospelcom.net/pastwords/chl016.shtml

Edwards’ own account of the revival in 1735-1737. Edwards discusses the background, the spiritual hunger of the population, the spread of revival and the various reactions to the spirit of God.

83. The Great Revival of 1740-45  

http://www.openheaven.com/template/rtfield/popups/history/revival1740_1.htm

Thorough and detailed account of the conditions that preceded the revival in the American churches in the middle of the eighteenth century, and its leaders, notably Whitefield and Edwards. Long and well-documented.

84. Jonathan Edwards, Enthusiast? Radical Revivalism and the Great Awakening in the Connecticut Valley

http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=5&did=971374421&SrchMode=1&sid=2&Fmt=4&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1173267951&clientId=60759

Academic article analysing Edwards’ motivation for his radical evangelism Very detailed and thorough.

85. The Care and Feeding of Revival - Outlines of Jonathan Edwards’ Responses to Revival

http://www.grmi.org/~bdonison/christian/care-and-feeding.html

Jonathan Edwards’ three major books on revival are presented here in outline form. The depth of Edwards’ understanding of revival is astounding. This page is useful to understand Edwards’ methodology and theology, but the outline format naturally lacks in continuity.

86. George Whitefield

http://www.tracts.ukgo.com/george_whitefield.htm

A number of Whitefield’s sermons available for downloading. Valuable in that it gives the opportunity to read what he said instead of what others said about him.

87. Jonathan Edwards

http://www.island-of-freedom.com/EDWARDS.HTM

Short biography of the life of Jonathan Edwards, mainly from a philosophical, somewhat critical point of view. Useful to see Edwards’ enduring legacy.

88. Revival in the North-East of England

http://www.vision.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/revival/index.html

Developing web site specifically covering revival in the North East of England. Accounts of revival under William Booth, John Wesley and others. Interesting localised information.

The Second Awakening − 1800’s   top

89. William Carey The Cobbler Who Turned Discoverer

http://www.wholesomewords.org/missions/giants/biocarey2.html

Excellent biography of the missionary to India, William Carey. As revival may be termed the work of God upon the world, the long-lasting influence upon the world of William Carey may truly be called a revival.

90. William Carey: Missionary-Evangelist

http://www.wholesomewords.org/missions/biocarey.html

Biography of William Carey, who although not a revivalist, nevertheless influenced the world greatly in the second awakening. Useful to see one of the varied aspects of revival.

91. January 11, 1817 • Yale Leader Timothy Dwight Died in Harness

http://chi.gospelcom.net/DAILYF/2003/01/daily-01-11-2003.shtml

Brief biography of the life and influence of Timothy Dwight, the grandson of Jonathan Edwards. His ‘revival’ was centred within reforms at Yale College. Useful to see a different aspect of revival.

The Third Awakening − 1850’s   top

92. Why God Used D.L. Moody

http://www.christianword.org/revival/revival.html

Dr. Torrey’s memorial service address on Moody’s characteristics that enabled him to be so used of God, including his surrender, prayer life, Bible study, humility and so on. Useful practical theology exemplified in a revival leader.

93. The Layman’s Prayer Revival, New York 1857-58 

http://www.openheaven.com/template/rtfield/popups/history/newyork.htm

Historical account of a revival in New York characterised by an absence of well-known leaders. Interesting to see the power of God alone at work.

94. Fires of Revival

http://www.firesofrevival.com/

Hundreds of sermons by Charles Finney, all public domain. Valuable to gain an understanding of the kind of preaching that fuelled the revivals of the nineteenth century.

95. Charles Finney

http://www.intouch.org/myintouch/mighty/portraits/charles_finney_213683.html

Brief biography of Charles Finney, showing his character and his influence on contemporary and future revivals. Finney’s message was of personal revival before mass revival.

96. Asahel Nettleton: Sermons From the Second Great Awakening

http://members.aol.com/intoutreach/Nettleton.html

Asahel Nettleton was a contemporary of Finney with whom he did not always agree. Nonetheless he ministered as an itinerant revival preacher in various US states at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Brief biographical notes, and very useful, three of his sermons which give a feel for the kind of preaching that was so effectual.

97. War Cry! - The Salvation Army

http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0618_War_Cry_Salvation_Ar.html

Well-written account of the background and personalities of the beginning of the Salvation Army. Although Old Testament specifically on revival, it shows the perseverance and character needed for consecration to God.

Revivals in the 20^th and 21^st Centuries

Early 20^th Century   top

98. Azusa Street: The Fire That Could Not Die

http://www.openheaven.com/template/rtfield/popups/history/azusa.htm

Well-written account of the 1906 Azusa Street revival, of its background, antagonists, principles, theology and characteristics. Many valuable application to modern revivals.

99. Azusa Street Revival

http://www.religion-online.org/showarticle.asp?title=3321

Examination of the claim that modern Pentecostalism originated in the Azusa Street revival of 1906. Shows that although it was by no means the precise starting point, Azusa Street has in some way defined and/or shaped Pentecostalism.

100.                      A Century Ago, Revival Swept Across Wales

http://chi.gospelcom.net/GLIMPSEF/Glimpses/glmps180.shtml

The journalist William Stead’s eyewitness account of the Welsh revival under Evan Roberts. Stead was later to go to prison for his part in exposing London’s child prostitution. Fascinating article, combining as it does the reporter’s detail and the participant’s sympathy.

101.                      The Scottish Revival (Western Isles)

http://www.openheaven.com/template/rtfield/popups/history/lewis.html

Account of the revival in the Hebrides Islands off the coast of Scotland in 1949-1953. Foundational principles of revival, problems encountered and results.

102.                      The Welsh Revival of 1904-05

http://www.openheaven.com/template/rtfield/popups/history/wales.htm

Three articles covering the Welsh Rival, its history, its principles, and the evangelistic power that brought it to fruition.

103.                      The Welsh Revival

http://www.welshrevival.org/

A large number of resources, and many more available on CD concerning the Welsh revival of 1904 − 1905. Fascinating documentary evidence and eye-witness accounts. Many articles only available on CD.

104.                      Great Healing Revivalists - How God’s Power Came.

http://www.revivalschool.com/books/GREAT%20HEALING%20REVIVALISTS.htm

Accounts of  healing evangelists from the late nineteenth and the twentieth centuries, including Smith Wigglesworth, John Lake, Maria Woodworth-Etter, John Dowie, William Branham and others. Contains mainly brief anecdotes and some biographical material, but sadly lacking in factual information. For example, the locations and dates are not given for some of the people mentioned.

105. The Revival Legacy of Charles F. Parham

http://www.agts.edu/faculty/faculty_publications/articles/mcgee_parham.pdf

Historical details concerning the Topeka, Kansas revival of 1901. Focuses on the life of its leader, Charles Parham, his doctrines, strategies and conflicts. Useful when taken in context with contemporary revival leaders.

106. The Revival Legacy of Smith Wigglesworth

http://www.ag.org/enrichmentjournal/199801/070_wigglesworth.cfm

Fascinating story of the ‘apostle of faith’, often controversial, never dull, a vital aspect of the revivals of the early twentieth century. This article is a bit short on details.

Mid 20^th Century   top

107. Billy Graham and the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association - Historical Background

http://www.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/bio.html

Detailed history of the life and ministry of Billy Graham. Interesting history, although not a great deal about revival per se.

108. The 1957 Billy Graham New York City Crusade

http://www.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/exhibits/NYC57/00welcome.htm

A lot of information about the New York revival of 1957 under Billy Graham, including his sermons and various memorabilia. Very interesting.

109. Billy Graham

http://www.time.com/time/time100/heroes/profile/graham01.html

Time Magazine’s 1999 article about Billy Graham, eulogising his influence, both political and religious. Valuable details of his life.

110. Who was William Marrion Branham

http://www.openheaven.com/template/rtfield/popups/history/william_branham.htm

Brief summary of the life and ministry of William Branham. Does not discuss the more controversial aspects of his life.

Late 20^th Century   top

111. The Awesome Argentina Revival

http://www.openheaven.com/template/rtfield/popups/history/argentina.htm

Interesting background and details of the Argentinian revival at the end of the twentieth century. Details of the spiritual warfare faced by the nation and the church, and the tactics used in this revival. Includes information on the social class of those who attend the crusades.

112. Argentina

http://www.christianword.org/revival/argentina2.html

Account of the 1992-1994 revival in Argentina. News reports and eyewitness stories.

The Jesus Movement   top

113. Jesus People USA

http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/jpusa.html

Interesting evaluation of the modern remnants of the revival throughout youth counterculture in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s. It is always intriguing to ask what happened to those affected by the revival after the revival itself subsided. Analytical insight into the progress of and controversies surrounding this community of ‘Jesus People’.

114. Jesus People USA: an Examination of an Urban Communitarian Religious Group

http://www.geocities.com/jmb5b/jp.html

Thesis for a Master’s Degree submitted in 1990 examining the history of Jesus People USA, the changes that occurred along the way as well as the current state of the movement. Although not specifically addressing revival, it documents the post-revival progress of a group born in revival, and as such is valuable.

115. History of the Jesus Movement

http://www.ottawainnercityministries.ca/newsArticlesStats/Jesus_Movement.htm

In-depth history of the ‘Jesus Movement’ of the late 1960’s and early 1970’s. Covers origins, people, influences and music, as well as some of the extreme off-shoots. Important because of the far-reaching effects of the sixties, and the revivals of that era.

116. Keith Green Influenced by Charles G. Finney

http://www.gospeltruth.net/keithgreen.htm

Fascinating excerpt from the biography of Keith Green showing his fiery dedication and uncompromising spirit. Valuable as an example of the level of commitment to God that is necessary: “Christians don't like to talk about hypocrisy any more than turkeys like to talk about Thanksgiving!”

117. A brief history of the Jesus Movement

http://www.hollywoodfreepaper.org/portal.php?id=2

Archives of the Hollywood Free Paper, a Christian hippie newspaper published since 1969. Valuable history and details of the Jesus Movement.

118. A History of Jesus People USA

http://www.jpusa.org/life.html

Extensive history of the Jesus People USA, born in the hippie revival of 1971, and continuing today with about 500 people living communally in Chicago. Does not talk specifically about revival, but about the birth and growth of this movement, a product of revival. Valuable to see some of the lasting effects of revival.

119. The Highway Missionary Society & Jesus People Milwaukee

http://www.geocities.com/abdulmuhib/

Interesting personal account by the child of the 1970 hippie revival in the USA. Does not discuss revival itself, but gives insight into the background of the time.

Toronto   top

120. The Presbyterian Church in Ireland General Assembly’s report: The Toronto Blessing

http://godnet.org/presby.htm

Detailed analysis of the scriptural support and historical background for the Toronto Blessing. It takes the stance that although there is “much that we ought to query”, there is also evidence of the genuine blessing which dare not be dismissed.

121. Faith & Order Committee’s Report to the British Methodist Conference: The Toronto Blessing

http://godnet.org/bumc.htm

Long and detailed analysis of the origins, the scriptural support, the history, and views from sociological and psychodynamical perspectives. It recognises the value of the Blessing and recommends an open approach to its beneficial aspects. It also acknowledges ‘unscriptural practices’ and advises of an urgent need for much more teaching and preaching.

122. A History of the Awakening of 1992-1995

http://www.grmi.org/renewal/Richard_Riss/history/

Very well researched, positive history of modern revivals including Toronto and Pensacola, as well as revivals in the UK and Asia, and revival leaders, including Rodney Howard-Browne, Kenneth Copeland, Oral Roberts.

123. The University of East London Christian Network’s Report

http://godnet.org/uelc.htm

Detailed critical evaluation of the Toronto Blessing. It discusses authentification methodology, the limitations of a systematic attempt to verify the Blessing, and then works from the perspective of developing relations between God and man to arrive at the conclusion that if the Blessing is from God it then must be biblically verifiable, not merely judged according to the ‘fruit’.

124. The “Toronto Blessing” by Stephen Sizer

http://www.apologeticsindex.org/sva-tb01.html

Full text of online book examining the history, teaching and manifestations of the Toronto Blessing. Sizer gives a detailed, exhaustive analysis and concludes that the ‘Blessing’ is not a work of the Holy Spirit.

125. Toronto Blessing

http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/tbless.html

Informative, well-balanced profile of the Toronto Blessing, including historical details, a summary of the beliefs, an explanation of the controversies surrounding the movement and some links for further study. Valuable for getting a rounded perspective on the group, should provide more links than it does. Last updated 2001.

126. The Christian Churches of God: The Toronto Blessing, Hysteria and Demon Possession

http://www.ccg.org/english/s/p149.html

Scriptural analysis of the Toronto Blessing, beginning with a comparison of ‘flesh’ and ‘spirit’, examining demonic behaviour in the Bible, and concluding that the Blessing falls into such an extremely negative category. Somewhat one-sided.

127. Renewal Blessings

http://www.christianword.org/revival/england.html

Personal reflections from two London churches about the revivals happening there in 1994, following visits to Toronto. Mainly discusses the ‘manifestations’ from a “it is true because I saw it” point of view.

128. The Toronto Blessing Discovery Page

http://godnet.org/tb.htm

Convenient list of many sites both ‘pro’ and ‘con’ the Toronto Blessing. Some links do not work, but very useful compilation.

129. Church of Scotland reports on the Toronto Blessing

http://godnet.org/scotland.htm

Brief summaries of two reports urging caution regarding extra-biblical phenomena yet advising openness to the Holy Spirit.

130. Tom Wolfe expects religious awakening

http://www.forerunner.com/forerunner/X0615_Tom_Wolfe_expects_aw.html

Interesting prediction of revival in the 1990’s, given in 1989 before Toronto. Very short.

Brownsville   top

131. Brownsville Revival

University of Virginia Religious Movements Homepage Project

http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/Brownsv.html

Informative, well-balanced profile of the Brownsville Revival (‘Pensacola Outpouring’), including historical details, a summary of the beliefs, an explanation of the controversies surrounding the movement and a list of links for further study. Extremely valuable for getting a rounded perspective on the group, but does not contain recent information (most recent modification 2001).

132. Unbiblical Doctrines, Teachings and Phenomena of the Third Wave Counterfeit Revival Movement

http://www.deceptioninthechurch.com/heresy.html

A long and detailed critical evaluation of the Brownsville Revival, listing twenty-two ways in which the author perceives that church to be departing from scripture. Does not consider the ‘pro-Pensacola’ side. 

133. The Brownsville/Pensacola Outpouring. Revival or Pandemonium?

http://www.deceptioninthechurch.com/FBCPENSA.HTM

Detailed critical article published in Foundation magazine, 1997. It makes the point that the true test of the authenticity of revival is not fruit but adherence to Scripture, and gives many examples from Brownsville that appear to contradict Scriptural teaching.

134. Brownsville Revival Report by the Pensacola News Journal

http://www.intotruth.org/brn/Pensa-News1.html

Series of investigative news articles by the Pensacola News Journal criticising the financial accountability of the leaders of the Brownsville Revival. Very negative articles, no Christian perspective is given. Shows the financial and ethical accountability that is required of Revival leaders.

135. A Critique of Brownsville’s Response to the Pensacola News Journal

http://www.intotruth.org/brn/pensa.pdf

In-depth analysis of the official response by the Brownsville church to the Pensacola News Journal articles. Reasonably objective.

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